Shingles, or herpes zoster, is a painful viral infection caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus—the same virus responsible for chickenpox. Once a person recovers from chickenpox, the virus remains dormant in their nerve cells and can reactivate later in life, often due to stress or a weakened immune system. The first signs of shingles typically include tingling, itching, or burning sensations in a specific area of the body, followed by a painful rash with fluid-filled blisters. This rash usually appears on one side of the body or face and can be accompanied by fever, headache, and fatigue. While shingles itself is not contagious, direct contact with the blisters can spread the virus to someone who has never had chickenpox, potentially leading to a new case of chickenpox rather than shingles.

Although shingles can occur at any age, it is most common in individuals over 50, people with weakened immune systems, and those experiencing high levels of stress. If left untreated, shingles can lead to complications such as postherpetic neuralgia, a condition that causes persistent nerve pain long after the rash has healed. In severe cases, shingles near the eyes can lead to vision problems. Fortunately, a shingles vaccine is available and is highly effective in reducing the risk of developing the condition. If symptoms appear, antiviral medications can help shorten the duration and severity of the outbreak when taken early. Maintaining a strong immune system through a healthy lifestyle, managing stress, and getting vaccinated are the best ways to prevent shingles and its complications.